8.
阅读短文,从每题所给的A、B、C和D四个选项中,选出最佳选项。
Sitting has been called the new smoking for its supposed Public health
risks, especially for people with sitting down office jobs. Over the past 15
years or so sitting has been connected with heart disease and diabetes (糖尿病). But is sitting
really that risky?
In our latest study we examined if not only the total amount of sitting,
but different types of sitting, were connected with developing type 2 diabetes.
We wanted to see if there was any difference among sitting watching TV, sitting
at work, or sitting at home but not watching TV.
We studied sitting habits of 4. 811 middle-aged people, who didn't have
diabetes or heart problems at the start of the study. Over the next 13 years,
402 people developed diabetes. Once we considered obesity (AE RF), Physical activity,
and other things that may develop type 2 diabetes, neither total sitting time,
sitting at work nor sitting at home but not watching TV were connected with
developing diabetes. We found only a weak connection with the time spent sitting
watching TV and an increased risk of developing diabetes.
This is different from the results of five older TV studies that showed
a stronger connection. But hardly any of the included studies mentioned
obesity, a major cause of diabetes.
For people who are physically inactive, though, the story's different.
Two recent studies show the total time spent sitting a day is connected with
developing diabetes, but only in people who are physically inactive or both physically
inactive and obese.
That's not the whole story. At least two things determine if sitting is
a risk factor in its own right: the type and situation of sitting.
For example, sitting down at work isn't strongly connected with
long-term health risks, Perhaps that's because higher position jobs needs more
sitting, and higher socioeconomic (社会经济) position is connected with a lower risk of
disease. It's a different case for sitting watching TV, the type of sitting
most possibly connected with long-term health risks. People who watch a lot of
TV tend to (a) be of lower socioeconomic positions, unemployed, have poorer
mental (精神上的) health, eat unhealthy foods and face more
unhealthy food advertising.